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2018年，印度的GDP总额达到了2.73万亿美元，经济增速升至7.4%，成为世界主要经济体中，增速最快的国家。 然而对于印度经济的高增速，世界银行的经济调查预测报告却并不看好： 2018年印度的经济总量约等于中国2006年水平，但是与同期中国高达10.7%的连续增速有所不同，印度7.4%的经济增速已经显露疲态... 
"为什么中国的发展速度比印度快得多？"，这成为了IMF预测报告下此刻印度网友们问的最多的问题： 1、Jon Harbaugh There are many reasons that China has seemingly developed much faster than India, but some of the key reasons are: 中国似乎比印度发展得快得多，原因有很多，但一些关键原因是: Land reformation - China has undergone it’s revolutions already, and as a result has a strong, single party government that is able to relocate people in order to make infrastructure improvements that will benefit the entire countries economy. 土地改革：中国已经经历了它的革命，因此有了一个强大的一党政府，能够重新安置人民，改善基础设施，这将有利于整个国家的经济。 Education - China takes education very seriously, many of their students will be in school for over 10 hours a day starting at a young age, and will do homework or extra-curricular activities after that. Their colleges are very competitive. 教育：中国非常重视教育，很多学生从小就开始每天在学校学习超过10个小时，之后还会做家庭作业或参加课外活动。他们的大学很有竞争力。 
Investment - China has not only invested in itself and expanded manufacturing capabilities, it has invested heavily in other parts of the world, mainly Africa. This has allowed China access to more resources and markets than it otherwise might have had. 投资：中国不仅对自身进行了投资，并扩大了制造能力，而且还在世界其它地区(主要是非洲)进行了大量投资。这使得中国能够获得更多的资源和市场。 2、Sumit Choudhary The sole reason behind China’s rapid development is Political stability and strong political will. Post 1970s groomed politicians of China took autocratic steps to revive the economy. They opened SEZ (Special Economic Zone) and invited the industries throughout world to open their production base there and gave them many incentives like cheap electricity, water, land and supporting Labour Laws.Their pro-industrial attitude brought them the fruits of success in rising economy. Once infrastructure and vendor companies were there, there was no choice left for other big MNCs to bypass china. Even biggest mobile company Apple have their prodction base in China. 中国快速发展的唯一原因是政治稳定和强烈的政治意愿。20世纪70年代以后，中国采取了专门的措施来重振经济。他们开设了经济特区，邀请全世界的工业界在那里开设生产基地，并给予他们许多优惠政策，如廉价的电力、水、土地和配套的劳动法。他们支持工业化的态度给他们带来了经济增长的成功果实。一旦有了基础设施和供应商，其他大型跨国公司就没有办法绕过中国。即使是最大的移动公司苹果也在中国有他们的生产基地。 3、David Ellsworth It looks clear to me why China develops so quickly, but it is usually beyond the comprehension of people who believe that multiple party systems are the only valid form of democracy. 在我看来，中国发展得如此之快的原因显而易见，但这却超出了那些认为多党制才是唯一有效的民主形式的人的理解。 Contrary to this system of social awareness the so called multiparty forms of government dwell continuously on divisive purposes and can never reach agreement. They have no institutions for common agreement. The political ideological conflict has become so big a part of social life that even law and order has become impossible to trust. 与这种社会意识体系相反，所谓的多党政府形式持续地存在分歧，永远无法达成一致。他们没有达成共识的机构。政治意识形态的冲突已经成为社会生活的一个重要组成部分，甚至法律和秩序也变得不可信。 The western style democracies have become so immersed in conflict that peace and security is neigh impossible, let alone the development of social needs. Such countries appear to be wealthy but the facts of lawlessness, drug addiction and poverty are hidden behind the media images of success. 西方式的民主国家已经变得如此沉浸于冲突之中，以至于几乎不可能和平和保证安全，更不用说社会需求的发展了。这些国家看起来很富有，但在成功的媒体形象背后，却隐藏着无法无天的犯罪、吸毒成瘾和贫困的事实。 
China is having a lot of difficulty trying to avoid drowning in these illusions but so far is having pretty good success. 中国在努力试图避免陷入这些幻想之中，这个过程中遇到了很多困难，但迄今为止也取得了相当大的成功。 India on the other hand has never overcome the cast system that adds a layer of divisiveness to the system of party conflict. It is unlikely the country can agree to development plans on the scale of time and social unity required for such success. 另一方面，印度从未克服种姓制度，这种制度给政党冲突制度又增加了一层分歧。这个国家不太可能成功的发展，因为它无法实施长期计划，也无法做到内部的团结。 4、Amirkhan Internal disturbance - India is a multi diverse country it faced many challenges in consolidation and amalgamation of different communities within it after independence. This was not the case with china. 内部动乱：印度是一个多元化的国家，独立后面临着许多不同社区的合并和融合的挑战。但中国的情况并非如此。 Hostile neighbour - India was struggling with Pakistan from Eastern as well as western front. Frequent war and insurgency hampered the growth of India. 敌对的邻国：印度正在东线和西线与巴基斯坦进行斗争，频繁的战争和叛乱阻碍了印度的发展。 
Strict implementation of policy - Indian bureaucracy was based on British line. It was corrupt and less sensitive towards the need of the people where as in china communist government had full control over the administration and its people. 政策的严格执行：印度官僚主义是基于英国路线的。它很腐败，对人民的需要不够敏感，而在中国，这些都是可控的。 Change in economic policy with time - both the countries were closed economies in the initial phase. Later both the countries opened their economies . India opened its economy in 1991. China also liberalised in a gradual manner . Though china had a strong manufacturing base it able to reap the benefits of fulfilling the demands of developed countries . It earned huge foreign income from trade of goods to foreign countries. 随着时间的推移，经济政策的变化：这两个国家在最初阶段都是封闭经济。后来这两个国家都开放了经济。印度在1991年开放了经济。中国的自由化也是循序渐进的。但中国拥有强大的制造业基础，它能够从满足发达国家的需求中获益。它通过对外贸易获得了巨额的外汇收入。 Investment in research and development - china invested lots of money in the R&D where as India failed to do so. Technological innovation helped china a lot in its development. 在研发方面的投资：中国在研发方面投入了大量资金，而印度却没有这样做。技术创新在中国的发展中起了很大的作用。 5、Kedar Zambre China a country which is currently holding the first place in terms of population. One of the biggest superpower was once a nation fighting woes with severe poverty. The chinese empire was home to the largest under poverty population. During the 1980’s China had 88% of it’s total population under the international poverty line of 1.9 $ per day earning, as specified by World Bank.China fought in unbelievable way to overcome such severe poverty & bringing it down to just 6.5 % in 2011–12. 中国是目前人口最多的国家，世界上最大的国家之一。但它曾经是一个与严重的贫困作斗争的国家，是贫困人口最多的国家。在20世纪80年代，中国有88%的人口生活在世界银行规定的每日收入1.9美元的国际贫困线以下。中国以令人难以置信的方式战胜了如此严重的贫困，2011-12年，中国的人口贫困率降至6.5%。贫困人口从1981年的8.78亿下降到2012年的8700万。 
Number of poor fell from 878 millions to just 87 millions during 1981 to 2012. Thus, China''s success is even larger than previously thought. In the past 30 years, the 790 million drop in the number of poor in China accounts for over 70 percent of the total reduction in the developing world as a whole, indeed a truly remarkable achievement. 因此，中国的成功甚至比之前想象的还要大。在过去的30年里，中国的贫困人口减少了7.9亿，占发展中国家总减少量的70%以上，这的确是一个了不起的成就。 6、Indira Few stats about China、second largest economy、Produces 25% of electricity in world、No.1 in hydroelectricity production、Produces 50% of coal、Produces 48% of Smartphones、produces 50% of steel、produces 60 % of cement、produces 13 % of gold (no.1 in world)、70% of toys (again no.1)、Carries 40 % share in ship building... 关于中国的少量统计数据、世界第二大经济体、占世界25%的发电量、水力发电量排名第一、生产世界50%的煤炭、生产世界48%的智能手机、生产世界50%的钢铁、生产世界60%的水泥、黄金产量占全球的13%(世界第一)、制造世界70%的玩具(仍然是第一名)、占有世界造船业40%的份额.... 
What made China make such a tremendous stride in all those sectors???And we all know where India stands in most of these sectors . What makes such a huge difference to the development of these two countries??? 是什么让中国在所有这些领域取得如此巨大的进步？我们都知道印度在这些领域的地位。是什么让这两个国家的发展如此不同？ Within this span Chinese government developed one of the best infrastructures in the world. They provided fastest highways & railways within thier country. Thier education system focused more on developing skills of students.The GDP per capita income of china has risen over this period. They reached a level of 7.5 lakh per person per annum ,which is about 5.5 times that of India.These things attracted the global companies to set up thier plants in China. That ultimately led to poverty eradication in China. 在此期间，中国发展了世界上最好的基础设施之一。他们在国内建造了最快的公路和铁路。他们的教育体制更注重培养学生的技能。这一时期，中国人均gdp有所增长，达到了75万卢比（约合73496元）的水平，大约是印度的5.5倍。这些事情吸引了全球公司在中国设立工厂，这最终使中国成功消除了贫困。 Whereas in India, the government failed on a higher note to provide the required infrastructure to the multinational giants except in few fields. The situation is slowly changing in last 20 years. The highways and railways are still awaiting plenty more developments.The Indian education system focused more on cresting clerks and somehow handing out people degrees .Though India is one of the youngest nation in the world, it lacks in skilled labour. China has about 780 million of skilled labour readliy available for companies to be hired up. 而在印度，除了少数几个领域，政府未能为跨国公司提供所需的基础设施。在过去的20年里，这种情况正在慢慢改变，但高速公路和铁路仍需要更多的发展。印度的教育体系更多地关注于职员的培训和以某种方式授予人们学位。尽管印度是世界上最年轻的国家之一，但它缺乏熟练劳动力。中国有大约7.8亿的熟练劳动力可供企业招聘。 
Who is responsible for this situation of India ? Obviously the Congress driven UPA government as they ruled the country for more than 60 years since independence. India has lagged behind many countries in Human Capital Formation. China is just an example. Countries with lesser Human Capital are also much ahead than India. 谁应该对印度的这种情况负责？很明显是国大党政府，因为他们自独立以来统治了这个国家60多年。印度在人力资本形成方面落后于许多国家。中国就是一个例子。一些人力资本较少的国家也远远领先于印度。 But still there is hope . Who knows if India could make similar stride like China in coming decade… 但希望仍然存在。谁知道印度在未来十年是否能像中国一样大步前进... 7、Adarsh Tiwari In china is more Manufacturing company greater than india. China have advanced technology. 在中国，制造业公司比印度更多，中国拥有先进的技术。 Some leading corporate leaders from Asia debated on this at a conference recently held at the Indian School of Business in Hyderabad. 最近在海得拉巴的印度商学院举行的一次会议上，一些亚洲大型企业管理者就此进行了辩论。 The emerging markets of Asia hold the promise for the world''s corporation. India and China are the two key markets in Asia. 亚洲的新兴市场为世界企业带来了希望。印度和中国是亚洲的两个主要市场。 While India''s corporate leaders agree that this could be true, they are emphatic that India''s vibrant democracy is the only way for the country to ensure that growth and development reaches all. 尽管印度企业管理者一致认为这可能是对的，但他们强调，印度充满活力的民主是确保增长和发展惠及所有人的唯一途径。 
8、Avagardner China''s leadership has always focused on investment in models and showcases. All this has helped canalize foreign direct investment into the country and helped create local economic development. 中国领导层一直注重投资模式和投资形象。所有这些都有助于将外国直接投资引入该国，并有助于促使地方经济发展。 "Every businessperson of any size anywhere in the world knows what the number 1.3 billion means: China''s big market. How many know the population of India? “世界上任何地方的商人都知道13亿这个数字意味着什么:中国巨大的市场。有多少人知道印度的人口是多少？
Chinese leaders discarded their Mao suits immediately and put on coats and ties, talked the language of commerce, organised thousands of delegations, hosted endless conferences and exhibitions, and laboured to convince foreign investors that China was pro-business, stable, and committed to reform and an open-door policy," suggests Dewoskin. 中国人脱下中山装，穿上西装，打上领带，说着商业语言，组织了数千个代表团，举办了无数的会议和展览，努力让外国投资者相信，中国是亲商的、稳定的，致力于改革和开放政策的。 In contrast, India''s corporate leaders agree that the country''s politicians have never sold the country. 相比之下，印度的企业管理者一致认为，印度的政客们从未向世界展示这个国家的卖点。 
9、Dewoskin China has created many flexible investment zones, export processing zones, free trade zones, high tech zones, complete with tax incentives and good infrastructure. 中国已经建立了许多灵活的投资区、出口加工区、自由贸易区和高新区，还有税收优惠和良好的基础设施。 India has tried to replicate this with its creation of export processing zones and software technology parks.But the difference lies in some key areas like creation of infrastructure and quick approval of investment proposals. 印度试图复制这一模式，建立了出口加工区和软件技术园区。但在一些关键领域区别（于中国），比如基础设施建设和投资提议的快速审批。 "China always set aside political, social, and ideological differences in the interest of getting investment, technology, and export channels" .But India is not so, they always mix a lot of other emotions in business! “中国总是把政治、社会和意识形态的差异放在一边，以获得投资、技术和出口渠道。”但印度却不是这样，他们在生意场上总是掺杂着很多其他情绪！ 10、Hippo The shelves of giant store chains like Wal-Mart are testimony to the fact that msot of the low-cost products today are made in China because it offers the cheapest source of manufacturing. 沃尔玛等大型连锁商店的货架证明了这样一个事实:如今大部分低成本产品都是在中国制造的，因为中国提供了最廉价的制造来源。 In electronics and hardware, China is the manufacturing hub for companies like Siemens and Hitachi Global Systems. 在电子和硬件领域，中国是西门子和日立等公司的制造中心。 
China''s success in manufacturing has attracted companies from other sectors too. Michelin, the world''s biggest car tyre manufacturer, plans to make its Chinese operations its biggest global manufacturing base. 中国制造业的成功也吸引了其它行业的企业。全球最大的汽车轮胎制造商米其林计划将中国作为其全球最大的制造基地。
The strong manufacturing base means that China is able to offer employment to a larger section of its population, compared to India which has shown growth predominantly in the services segment. 强大的制造业基础意味着中国能够为更多的人口提供就业机会，而印度的经济增长主要集中在服务业。 China is very fast and efficient in the redirection of resources into higher education, economics, management, computer science, electronic and biotech engineering 中国在将资源转向高等教育、经济学、管理学、计算机科学、电子和生物技术工程以及法律方面非常迅速和高效。 It has a permissive and supportive policy to study abroad, coupled with an aggressive marketing and incentive programme to bring stronger graduates back。 中国对出国留学采取宽容和支持的政策，同时还实施了积极的市场营销和激励计划，以吸引更强大的毕业生回国。 In contrast, India has yet to counter the problem of brain drain or promote itself as a destination for entrepreneurs who want to set up companies. 相比之下，印度尚未解决人才流失的问题，也没有宣传自己是希望创业的企业家的最佳目的地。 Yes, our government has done little to promote the development of our country, which may be the fundamental reason why we lag behind China! 是的，我们的政府在促进国家发展方面做得很少，这可能是我们落后于中国的根本原因！ 
毫不讳言，印度网友“Hippo”立足中印两国实际的敏锐分析，令老铁对印度网友看法改观： 我们的政府在促进国家发展方面做得很少，这可能是我们落后于中国的根本原因！ 没有鼓吹空泛的民主、也没有毫无用处的抱怨，一言指出了差距的根本原因——政府组织能力！ 正如网友“Avagardner”所说的那样： 中国领导层一直注重投资模式和投资形象。所有这些都有助于将外国直接投资引入该国，并有助于促使地方经济发展。 中国人脱下中山装，穿上西装，打上领带，说着商业语言，组织了数千个代表团，举办了无数的会议和展览，努力让外国投资者相信，中国是亲商的、稳定的，致力于改革和开放政策的。 相比之下，印度的政客们从未向世界展示这个国家的卖点。
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发表于 2019-12-4 00:55:35
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